Babies are born with a reflex to suck any object placed in their mouth. This behavior helps during the first few months of establishing feeding, and disappears at around 4 months.
Thumb sucking however, is not reflexive, and is believed to be a self-soothing practice. There are usually no ill effects from thumb sucking in early childhood, and most children naturally give up the habit somewhere between 2-4 years of age. However, if thumb sucking continues past the age of around 7 when adult teeth are coming through there can be misalignment of front teeth, or possibly jaw problems.
It is important to be careful when breaking this habit. Children often use this as an emotional crutch. Punishment and nagging is not the best approach. Do some research and be patient with your child when working on breaking the habit.
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